Shell and tube heat exchanger design 1.5.2 crack

Second, as the protective outer layer of the tubes wears down, the tubes face a higher risk of corrosion. Any corrosion already forming will only get worse as metal erosion takes place, according to Plant Engineering. Metal erosion can be caused by excessive speed of flow within the exchanger and by abrasive solids suspended in slurry streams. When a high-velocity stream is divided into thin, sharp jets of fluid upon entering the heat exchanger, it can also lead to metal erosion.

In cases like this, the erosion pattern is horseshoe shaped and very localized. Additionally, high temperatures, such as those that allow for flash steam to occur, can also increase the risk of metal erosion. Plant engineers are most likely to see metal erosion occur on the bends of U-tubes or at the tube entrances. This largely depends on the materials of construction, the fluid type and temperature, among other factors.

Stainless steel fabrication, for example, can handle much higher velocities than a copper shell and tube heat exchanger.

Other alloys that contain steel, stainless steel and copper-nickel combinations are also sturdy and can handle higher flow speeds. As the fluids within the shell and tube heat exchanger transfer heat, the tubes and shell begin to heat up. Depending on the materials of construction, the temperature change, how fast it occurs and other factors, either the tubes, the shell or both may swell, a process called thermal expansion. Tube Material.

Shell-Side Pipe Size. Not Rated. Number of Passes. Maximum Temperature. Tube-Side Flow Capacity. Tube-Side Maximum Pressure. Shell-Side Pipe Connection Type.

Surface Area. Shell-Side Flow Capacity. Shell-Side Maximum Pressure. Overall Head Diameter. Overall Height. Tube-Side Pipe Connection Type. Minimum Temperature. Number of Tubes. View catalog pages 2. Send Cancel. A few thoughts on work life-balance. Is vc still a thing final. The GaryVee Content Model. Mammalian Brain Chemistry Explains Everything. Related Books Free with a 30 day trial from Scribd.

Related Audiobooks Free with a 30 day trial from Scribd. Outstanding Leadership Stan Toler. Shell and tube heat exchanger design 1. They define a naming system that is commonly used. Inside the shell, baffles dividers are installed to direct the flow around the tubes, increase velocity, and promote cross flow. They also help support the tubes.

The baffle cut is the ratio of the baffle window height to the shell diameter. Typically, baffle cut is about 20 percent. It effects both heat transfer and pressure drop.

Designers also need to specify the baffle spacing; the maximum spacing depends on how much support the tubes need. Tube to Header Plate Connection q Tubes are arranged in a bundle and held Header in place by header plate tube sheet. They divert the flow most effectively across the tubes. Tube Passes q A pass is when liquid flows all the way across from one end to the other of the exchanger.

We will count shell passes and tube passes. Almost always, the tube passes will be in multiples of two , , , etc. An exception: exchangers are sometimes used for vaporizers and condensers. Source for text and image.. Elliott Tool Technologies. Friction fit tapered plugs Picture below shall only be used in services that meet all of the following conditions, unless an engineering evaluation is performed indicating the acceptability of these plugs in other services..

Inspection of the expanded tube for tube thinning should be made to ensure that installation of the plug does not further damage the tube leading to seal failure between the plug and the tubes. These types of plugs have been used in services of up to bar 7. Mechanical plugs are typically installed by a pneumatic or hydraulic system.

Other styles of plugs may be considered for higher pressures. Consideration shall also be given to the following.. A plug map should be developed to record the number and location of tubes that have been plugged.